Two world war 1 questions?

The answer to the second one is, the new guns, invented around the time of the civil war, were more accurate than muskets, and it took less time to load them. They used lead bullets that caused immense damage when it came into contact with anything. Seriously, if it hit your abdomen, it would tear you organs apart and stuff. These guns (who's name escapes me) were invited in France, brought to America. Primarily used by the union army.